Archaeology Archeology is the detailed study of our past. It is the recovery, by scientific methods, of material evidence from our lives and culture in past ages. Unearthed caves, dating back 20,000 - 30,000 years, were discovered. These caves contained hundereds of wall paintings. These paintings have given us information as to how that civilization lived; what they ate; how they got their food; what their everyday life was like. This study of our past is Archeology.